The Production of Gardenia Reds- The Kinetically Controlled Gardenia Red-1 and the Thermodynamically Controlled Gardenia Red-2

[Determination of methanol in gardenia red and gardenia blue].

The natural food color gardenia red is manufactured through the hydrolysis of the methyl ester of iridoid glucoside. Gardenia blue is also made from iridoid glucoside. Therefore, there is a possibility that the commercial products contain methanol. To determine methanol in gardenia red and gardenia blue, a headspace GC method with standard addition was developed. In the case of gardenia blue wi...

Iridoids from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis

Three new iridoids, Gardenal-I (1), Gardenal-II (2) and Gardenal-III (3), together with nine known iridoid glycosides; geniposide (4), 6-β-hydroxy geniposide (5), 6-α-hydroxy geniposide (6), 6-α-methoxy geniposide (7), feretoside (8), genipin-1-β-gentiobioside (9), shanzhiside (10), lamalbidic acid (11) and picrocrocinic acid (12) were isolated from EtOH extract of G. gasminoides. The structure...

Selective Extraction of Gardenia Yellow and Geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides by Mechanochemistry.

A novel method for the selective extraction of gardenia yellow and geniposide from Gardenia Jasminoides, based on a mechanochemical method is described. Without the need of complex separation techniques, gardenia yellow compliant with the national standard could be extracted in a simple fashion. The optimal ball-milling conditions determined were as follows: 30% g/g. active carbon milling at 20...

Iridoid-specific glucosyltransferase from Gardenia jasminoides.

Iridoids are one of the most widely distributed secondary metabolites in higher plants. They are pharmacologically active principles in various medicinal plants and key intermediates in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids as well as quinoline alkaloids. Although most iridoids are present as 1-O-glucosides, the glucosylation step in the biosynthetic pathway has remained obscure. W...

Callus induction and somatic embryogenesis of Gardenia latifolia Ait